「揉麵團」、「發酵」的英文怎麼說?英文食譜看得懂,你也可以是廚神!

心血來潮想下廚
卻發現英文食譜看得霧煞煞嗎?
teaspoon 跟 tablespoon 差在哪?
Let the dough rise. 又要做什麼?
接著看下去,包你看完也可以變廚神!

Camilla 和 Mario 兩人在看完美食節目後口水直流,把食譜抄下來後便決定跟著名廚動手做。他們能不能成功做出披薩呢?

Camilla: Okay, what should we do first?
Camilla:好啦,我們要先做什麼呢?

Mario: We have to preheat the oven to 240℃ and make enough dough for two pizza bases.
Mario:我們要先把烤箱預熱到 240 度,然後做兩塊 pizza 的麵團。

Camilla: Got it. The recipe says we need three quarters of a cup warm water, a teaspoon active dry yeast, a handful of sugar, two cups all-purpose flour, and one and a half teaspoons salt.
Camilla:了解。食譜上說我們需要 3/4 杯溫水、一茶匙的活性乾酵母、少許的糖、2 杯中筋麵粉、1/2 茶匙的鹽。

Mario: All right! All ingredients are prepared! Let’s see… the first step is to dissolve the yeast in the water.
Mario:好啦!所有食材都準備好了!我看看… 第一步是讓酵母在水裡溶解。

Camilla: Next step is to add flour and salt, and then stir it until it forms a shaggy dough.
Camilla:下一步是將麵粉和鹽巴加入碗中,攪拌到麵團大致成形。

Mario: Then knead the dough for about 5 to 8 minutes until it turns into a smooth ball.
Mario:接著要揉麵團揉 5 到 8 分鐘,直到麵團變成一顆光滑的球狀。

Camilla: Oh, no! The dough is so sticky! I think I’ve messed it up!
Camilla:噢不!麵團好黏啊!我把它搞得一團亂!

Mario: Here’s a top tip: If the dough sticks to the bowl, add a tablespoon of flour to the mix.  You should also keep some flour on your hands when you’re kneading.
Mario:有個大祕訣是:如果麵團黏在碗上,加一大匙的麵粉進去。揉麵團的同時你也得在手上沾一些麵粉。

(After struggling with the sticky dough for a while…)
(跟黏糊糊的麵團搏鬥一番之後…)

Camilla: Phew! I think I’ve got it now! Now we just have to let the dough rise for a few hours.
Camilla:呼!搞定了!再來我們只要放著麵糰,讓它發酵幾小時就好。

Camilla 和 Mario 終於成功揉好麵團了!等麵糰發酵的同時我們也來複習單字吧!

handful (n.) 少量 

hand 是「手」,handful 就是「一把的量」或「少數;少量」,常用 a handful of 表示「少量的…」。而要表示「一小撮」則可用 a pinch of。烹飪常見的單位還有:cup (杯)、teaspoon (茶匙)、tablespoon (大匙),在食譜上,茶匙常寫成 t 或 tsp,大匙則寫成 T 或 tbsp。

You should add a handful of salt to enhance the flavor.
你應該要加少許的鹽來提味。

all-purpose flour (n.) 中筋麵粉

all-purpose flour 字面上的意思是多用途的麵粉,也就是指「中筋麵粉」,也可以稱作 plain flour。補充:高筋麵粉因為口感 Q 彈,適合拿來做麵包,因此便稱為 bread flour 或 strong flour;低筋麵粉口感鬆軟,適合用來做糕點,便稱為 cake flour。

All-purpose flour is suitable for making cookies and cakes.
中筋麵粉適合用來做餅乾和披薩餅皮。

knead (v.) 揉;捏

knead 是指「揉;捏」,特別用來指揉麵糰,要注意字首的 k 不發音,讀做 /nid/。

Kneading dough with your hands requires more effort than you think.
用手揉麵糰比妳想的還要費力。

rise (v.) 發酵

rise 除了「升高;上升」的意思外,用在烘焙上是指「(讓麵團、麵包) 發;發酵脹起來」,注意動詞三態為 rise-rose-risen。

Leave the dough to rise until it doubles in size.
讓麵糰發酵直到他膨脹成原本的兩倍大。

麵糰發酵完後,兩人要準備開始桿麵皮跟準備配料啦!

Camilla: The recipe says to divide the dough in half and roll each of them into a round 10-inch base. Where is the rolling pin?
Camilla:食譜上說將麵糰分成兩塊,各桿成 10 吋的圓形,桿麵棍在哪?

Mario: Here you are. I’ll prepare the toppings. One of the pizzas is Hawaiian and the other is wild mushroom and vegetables, right?
Mario:在這裡。那我來準備配料,一個做夏威夷披薩,另一個做田園野菇蔬菜披薩對吧?

Camilla: Yeah, so you have to dice the pineapple and thinly slice the ham, mushrooms, bell peppers, and olives. Don’t forget to fry the bell peppers first before putting them on the pizza.
Camilla:對,所以你要把鳳梨切丁,還要把火腿、蘑菇、甜椒和橄欖切成薄片。別忘了要先炒甜椒。

Mario: Roger that! If you finish rolling out the bases, you can place them on the tray. Don’t forget to sprinkle some cornmeal on the tray first, or the dough will stick.
Mario:收到!如果你桿完麵皮,就可以把它們放到烤盤上了。別忘了撒些玉米粉在烤盤上,不然麵糰會黏在上面。

Camilla: I know. I’m going to spoon the tomato sauce over the pizza bases. You can put the toppings on.
Camilla:我知道。我要把番茄沙司鋪在披薩底部囉,你可以放上配料了。

Mario: Okay. I want sprinkle a load of of grated Parmesan cheese on them as well!
Mario:好,我還要撒一大堆磨碎的莫札瑞拉起司在上面!

Camilla: Done! Let’s slide the pizza into the oven.
Camilla:完成啦!把披薩送進烤箱吧!

Mario: That was really fun! We should try making cream puffs next time.
Mario:做披薩真的很有趣耶!我們下次可以試試看做泡芙。

rolling pin (n.) 桿麵棍

動詞 roll 有「滾動」的意思,所以 rolling pin 就是「桿麵棍」。這邊補充其他常見的烘焙工具:stand mixer (桌上型攪拌機)、whisk (手持攪拌器)、spatula (抹刀)、mold (模子;模具)。

Use a rolling pin is used to flatten the dough.
桿麵棍是用來桿平麵糰的。

topping (n.) 配料;醬汁

top 是「頂端」,因此 topping 就是加在食物上的「配料」或淋在食物上的「醬汁」,是可數名詞。top 也可以當動詞使用,片語 be topped with sth. 就是「在食物上面加上…」。

You can choose four toppings for your ice cream.
你可以幫妳的冰淇淋選 4 種配料。

dice (v.) 切丁 / slice (v.) 切片

dice 本來是「骰子」,當動詞意為「切丁」,slice 原本是「一片」,作動詞則是「切片」。另外補充:切得比丁狀大塊的叫 chop (切塊)、切得比丁狀小塊的叫 mince (切成碎末)、「切絲」則是 shred。 

After dicing the beef and slicing the onions, add a pinch of salt and stir-fry everything for two minutes.
把牛肉切丁、洋蔥切片後,加入一小撮鹽再快炒 2 分鐘。

grated (adj.) 刨碎的;磨碎的

形容詞 grated 是「刨碎的;磨碎的」,其動詞形是 grate,意指「刨碎;磨碎」,grater 則是「刨絲器」。上面提到的 shred (切絲),切出來的東西偏細長形,grater 刨出來的東西會比較小段。

The spaghetti was topped with grated lemon zest.
義大利麵上加了磨碎的檸檬皮。

恭喜 Camilla 和 Mario 第一次做披薩就上手!自己做披薩似乎挺有趣的呢!
而且愛加多少起司就可以加多少!大家有機會也跟外國朋友一起動手做做看!

迫不及待想馬上開始練習嗎?

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文/ Vivian Chen
審/ Eunice Lin
圖/ Shutterstock
作者簡介/ VoiceTube 看影片學英語

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