說到台灣文化,
你首先會想到什麼?
小 V 想到的是民間信仰,
美麗的寺廟和有趣的習俗!
想讓外國朋友認識民間信仰?
跟著小 V 一起學相關的英語詞彙吧!
Bob 的美國朋友 Henry 飛來台灣找他玩了!Henry 對台灣文化非常好奇,希望能體驗到最道地的台灣生活,Bob 於是決定帶他到台北艋舺的龍山寺一探究竟!
(At the entrance of Longshan Temple)
(在龍山寺的入口)Henry: Bob, this temple is magnificent! It’s huge!
Henry:Bob,這座廟好雄偉!好大啊!Bob: Yes, and it has more than 280 years of history! Come on, let’s go inside.
Bob:是呀,它的歷史超過 280 年哦!來吧,我們進去裡面。(Inside the temple)
(在廟裡)Henry: Bob, what are those sticks that everyone has in their hands?
Henry:Bob,大家握在手裡的那根東西是什麼?Bob: They’re called incense sticks. The worshippers burn them and put them into the incense burner.
Bob:那叫做香。信徒會燒香然後把它放進香爐裡。Henry: And those square yellow pieces of paper? They looks like post-its.
Henry:那那些方形的黃紙呢?看起來好像便利貼。Bob: Hahah, It’s called joss paper–money for the spirits. The worshipers burn them for the spirits so that they have money to use in the afterlife.
Bob:哈哈,那叫做紙錢,給鬼魂的錢。信徒燒紙錢給鬼魂,這樣祂們在另一個世界才有錢可以用。Henry: Oh, I’m glad you’ve told me! Otherwise I might have used one as a post-it…
Henry:噢,幸好你有告訴我,不然我可能會把它拿來當便利貼用…
Table of Contents
temple (n.) 寺廟
temple 在此泛指「寺廟」,除此之外也可以用來指「太陽穴」。對佛教徒來說,通常供奉神民的地方稱做「寺廟」(temple),而對於道教徒來說則叫「宮」(shrine)。
My grandmother went to the local temple every week.
我阿嬤每個禮拜都會去廟裡。I always put some peppermint oil on my temples when I feel sleepy.
我想睡的時候總會在太陽穴擦一點薄荷油。
incense stick (n.) 香柱
incense 的意思是「香」,是一種泛指的說法,指的可能是粉狀的或是棒狀的香。講仔細一點,台灣廟宇常見的那種一根根的香柱是 incense stick ,stick 意指「枝條」。補充插香的「香爐」則為 incense burner。
More and more temples have stopped using incense in order to protect the environment.
越來越多寺廟為著環保不再燒香。
worshipper (n.) 信徒
worship 為動詞,意思是「信仰;敬拜」,worshipper 則是指「信仰者;信徒」,並不局限於特定宗教的信徒。
The worshippers gather at the church every Sunday.
信徒每週日在教會聚集。
joss paper (n.) 紙錢
joss 的意思是「神像;佛像;偶像」,因此 joss paper 是指「紙錢」。補充:「香柱」除了前面提的 incense stick,亦可用 joss stick 指稱。
Once, I saw someone stick joss paper on the wall as a decoration.
我曾經看過有人在墻上貼紙錢當裝飾。(真人真事,小 V 在歐洲見到的… )
Henry 又注意到了另一件事 …
Henry: Hey Bob, I see many people drawing wooden sticks over there. What are they doing?
Henry:誒 Bob,我看那裡有很多人在抽木棒,他們在做什麼?Bob: They’re drawing fortune sticks. Do you want to try it?
Bob:他們在抽神籤。你想試試嗎?Henry: Sure!
Henry:好啊!Bob: Okay then, hold these first.
Bob:沒問題,那你先拿好這些。Henry: What are these two blocks of wood for?
Henry:這兩塊木頭是幹嘛的?Bob: They’re called divination blocks. First, you have to introduce yourself, then you ask god a question and throw the divination blocks. They’ll tell you if god allows you to draw a fortune stick or not.
Bob:它們叫做筊杯。首先你必須自我介紹,然後問神明一個問題,再把筊杯擲出去。它們會告訴你神明是否願意讓你抽靈籤。Henry: Cool! (introducing himself) I want to know if I will get a girlfriend this year. (throwing out the divination blocks)
Henry:酷!(自我介紹) 我想知道我今年會不會有女朋友。(丟出筊杯)Bob: Lucky you! You’ve got a Shing-bwei, which means god has allowed you to draw a fortune stick. After you draw your stick, you’ll get a slip of paper. The poem printed on it will answer your question.
Bob:你真幸運!你得到了一個聖杯,意思是神明允許你抽靈籤。你抽好籤之後會得到一張紙。紙上印的詩會回答你的問題。
Henry 真是太幸運了!跟著小 V 複習新字吧!
draw (v.) 抽
在文中,draw 指的並非「畫畫」,而是指「抽」的這個動作,如:draw lots (抽籤)。
My sister and I often draw lots to decide who will do the dishes.
我姐和我抽籤決定誰要洗碗。
fortune stick (n.) 神籤
fortune 為名詞,意指「財富;運氣」,因此 fortune stick 就是指用來求問吉凶禍福的占卜工具,也就是「神籤」。
Drawing fortune sticks is a traditional fortune-telling practice in East Asia.
抽神籤是東亞地區一個傳統的占卜儀式。
divination blocks (n.) 筊杯
divination 意思是「占卜;算命」,block 則是指「塊狀物」,divination blocks 直翻就是「占卜用的塊狀物」,在此指的就是廟裡兩塊紅色半月形的「筊杯」。而「擲筊」動詞通常搭配 throw。
The worshipper has been throwing divination blocks for an hour, but god still won’t answer his question.
那位信徒已經擲了一小時的筊杯,但神明仍舊不願回答他的問題。
introduce oneself (phr.) 自我介紹
introduce 意指「介紹」,常見後頭接 myself、yourself 等等反身代詞,代表「介紹我自己」、「介紹你自己」等等。
The teacher asked us to introduce ourselves.
老師要我們自我介紹。
下次你的外國朋友來台灣,你也能帶他們去廟裡抽神籤體會一下台灣廟宇文化囉!
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文/ April Lu
審/ Eunice Lin
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